Darmstadt 2773 – D

Previous descriptions: Voltz, Crönert (1897); Denig (1899); Moraux (1976, 122–4).

Reproductions: Hessische Landes- und Hochschulbibliothek

Family: φ

Siglum: D

Shelfmark: Darmstadt 2773

Date: middle of the 14th century.

Format: paper, 217×143 mm, ff. 377.

Material: good state of preservation.

Binding: not original.

Watermarks: –

Scribes: a large and difficult to determine number of copyists were involved in the writing of this manuscript, all of whom can be dated palaeographically to the middle of 14th century. It is significant that the hand which wrote ff. 73r–149r in the manuscript Laurentianus plut. 91 sup. 10 (F)Laur. plut. 91 sup. 10 also penned ff. 130v, 133v–144r, 145v–151r, l. 20 in this codex (see Hansen 1998, 18; Ucciardello 2021, 54 n. 6).

Annotations: no relevant annotations.

A complete description of this manuscript is a task which requires a thorough and systematic study that goes beyond what is intended in these descriptions. The most complete description of this manuscript can still be found in Voltz, Crönert (1897) and Denig (1899), to which should be added the information provided by the more recent Ucciardello (2021). This entry will focus on the Atticist works of Moeris and Phrynichus and mainly on the lexicographical content. The Darmstadt manuscript is a dense and disorderly miscellany of lexicographical, rhetorical, philosophical, poetic, historical, collection of excerpts, and generally erudite texts, perhaps conceived as a draft of notes or as a tool for rhetorical education in 14th-century Byzantium.

Excerpts from the lexicon of <Moeris> in the Darmstadt manuscript are present in three different instances, but the three texts are not connected to each other:

–    (f. 110r–v) A selection of Moeris’ entries, slightly rewritten and not based on any obvious criteria (no title): α 67Moer. α 67, α 96Moer. α 96, α 100Moer. α 100, α 108Moer. α 108, α 132Moer. α 132, α 133Moer. α 133, β 11Moer. β 11, β 12Moer. β 12, β 27Moer. β 27, β 32Moer. β 32, γ 15Moer. γ 15, δ 1Moer. δ 1, δ 2Moer. δ 2, δ 9Moer. δ 9, δ 10Moer. δ 10, δ 12Moer. δ 12, δ 20Moer. δ 20, δ 23Moer. δ 23, δ 43Moer. δ 43, ε 8Moer. ε 8, ε 10Moer. ε 10, ε 15Moer. ε 15, ε 21Moer. ε 21, ε 22Moer. ε 22, ε 40Moer. ε 40, ε 42Moer. ε 42, ε 56Moer. ε 56, ε 58Moer. ε 58, ε 71Moer. ε 71, η 13Moer. η 13, η 15Moer. η 15, η 18Moer. η 18, η 19Moer. η 19, θ 4Moer. θ 4, ι 6Moer. ι 6, ι 20Moer. ι 20, κ 23Moer. κ 23, κ 24Moer. κ 24, κ 28Moer. κ 28, κ 45Moer. κ 45, ο 2Moer. ο 2, o 11Moer. ο 11, π 39Moer. π 39, σ 15Moer. σ 15, σ 18Moer. σ 18, σ 35Moer. σ 35, σ 43Moer. σ 43, τ 2Moer. τ 2, τ 3Moer. τ 3, τ 27Moer. τ 27, χ 5Moer. χ 5, ω 1Moer. ω 1. A second hand intervened in the text, indicating with α and κ Ἀττικοί and κοινόν respectively.

– (f. 152r) Three entries: α 63Moer. α 63, α 93Moer. α 93, α 110Moer. α 110; clearly rewritten.

– (f. 336r) Excerpts from the letter alpha of Moeris. Title: τὰ ὑποκείμενα Ἀττικά· ἡ δὲ σύνταξις τῶν ἄλλων Ἑλλήνων. The text of Moeris is furnished with some marginal notes by the same hand:

post α 21 αἴθαλος· αἰθάλη (ex Phryn. Ecl. 85Phryn. Ecl. 85)

α 50 ἀμβλυώττειν] ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄσσε

α 86 ἀποδιοπομπεῖσθαι] ἀπὸ τοῦ δέρματος τοῦ Διὸς λεγομένου διὰ τὸ ὑποδέχεσθαι τὰ ἀποκαθάρματα τοῦ ἱερείου, εἶτα ῥιπτεῖσθαι κατὰ κρημνῶν (cf. Phryn. PS 9.12–7Phryn. PS 9.12–7)

α 118 post ἀστράβη] ὅθεν καὶ ὁ ἀστραβηλάτης

At the end of the text some glosses taken from <Phrynichus’ Ecloga> were added and adapted to the scheme of Moeris’ entries:

ἀτταγᾶς ὡς ἁλ‹λ›άς· ἀττάγη (ex Phryn. Ecl. 86Phryn. Ecl. 86) | αὐθέντης· αὐτόχειρ φόνος (ex Phryn. Ecl. 89Phryn. Ecl. 89) | ἄμεινον· κάλλιον (ex Phryn. Ecl. 106Phryn. Ecl. 106) | ἀλεῖς· ἀλήθεις (ex Phryn. Ecl. 121Phryn. Ecl. 121) | ἀλοῦσα· ἀλήθουσα (ex Phryn. Ecl. 121Phryn. Ecl. 121) | ἀνέῳκται· τὸ ἀνέῳγεν ἀποδοκιμάζεται· (ex Phryn. Ecl. 128Phryn. Ecl. 128) | ἀφιερῶσαι· καθιερῶσαι (ex Phryn. Ecl. 163Phryn. Ecl. 163) | ἀναπεσεῖν ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀδημομεῖν Ἀττικοί· ἀνακλιθῆναι οἱ ἄλλοι (ex Phryn. Ecl. 186Phryn. Ecl. 186) | ἀνάκειται ἀνδριὰς καὶ ἀναθήματα· ἀνάκειται ἐπὶ κλίνης κοινῶς ἀδόκιμον, κεῖται δέ (ex Phryn. Ecl. 187Phryn. Ecl. 187) | ἀντιβαλεῖν· ἀνταναγνῶναι (ex Phryn. Ecl. 188Phryn. Ecl. 188) | ἀρχαιϊκόν, ὡς Ἀλκαιϊκὸν καὶ τροχαι‹ϊ›κὸν· ἀρχαϊκόν (ex Phryn. Ecl. 191Phryn. Ecl. 191) | ἀφορμή· παρενθήκη (cf. Phryn. Ecl. 194Phryn. Ecl. 194) | ἀλεκτρυὼν καὶ ἐπὶ ἄρρενος καὶ ἐπὶ θήλεος ὡς οἱ παλαιοί, εἰ καί τινες διαιροῦσιν ἀλεκτορίδα τὸ θῆλυ λέγοντες (ex Phryn. Ecl. 200Phryn. Ecl. 200) | ἀντεξετάζειν· συγκρίνειν (ex Phryn. Ecl. 243Phryn. Ecl. 243) | ἀπαραίτητον· ἀπαράβατον (ex Phryn. Ecl. 287Phryn. Ecl. 287) | ἀγωγὸν οἱ παλαιοὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἡγουμένου ὁδόν, οἱ δὲ νῦν τοὺς ὀχετοὺς τῶν ὑδάτων ἀγωγοὺς λέγουσιν (ex Phryn. Ecl. 289Phryn. Ecl. 289)

As regards the lexicographical material present in the manuscript, the following folios are noted:

(ff. 4v–55v) Extracts from [Manuel Moschopulus], <Monokythron>. Title: τοῦ Μοσχοπούλου κυρίου Μανουὴλ τὰ πρῶτα τῶν ἀποκρύφων. Incipit: πίτυλος κτυπητής.    Explicit: δράττομαι ἐνεστώς, ἤγουν ἐγκρατὴς γίνομαι (interrupted); another passage from this work is preserved in ff. 207r–v. These excerpts belong to a miscellany which is also present in Marc. gr. X, 3Marc. gr. X, 3, Paris. gr. suppl. 1194 Paris. gr. suppl. 1194, and Vat. gr. 2222Vat. gr. 2222. Still unedited; on this work see Ucciardello (2011) and Mazzon (2018).

(ff. 81r–84v) Apion, Fragmenta de glossis Homericis. Title: Ἀπίωνος γλῶσσαι Ὁμηρικαί. Edited in Ludwich (1917–1919).

(ff. 84v–87r) [Aelius Herodianus], Schematismi Homerici. Title: ἐκ τοῦ Αἰλίου Ἡρωδιανοῦ σχηματισμῶν Ὁμηρικῶν κατὰ στοιχεῖον. Edited in Egenolff (1894).

(ff. 89r–92v) Orio, <Etymologicum>. Title: Ὡρίωνος τοῦ Θηβαίου. Edited from this manuscript in Sturz (1818, 611–7).

(ff. 92v–101v) <Lexicon αἱμωδεῖν>. No title. Edited in Dyck (1995); this witness is discussed in Dyck (1995, 846).

(ff. 103v–105r) A grammatical miscellany. No title. Incipit: ἡ ἀνά δηλοῖ τὴν ἄνω φοράν. Explicit: καὶ ὁ αὐλητὴς ἐμπνεῖ τῷ αὐλῷ. It is partly similar to the miscellany on ff. 318r–348v in Vat. gr. 2222Vat. gr. 2222. See also Di Napoli (2022); this may be another witness of the Epimerismi ascribed to Planudes. Further entries from these Epimerismi can be found on f. 217v (ἀγοράζω τὶ εἰς ἀγορὰν διατρίβω κτλ.).

(ff. 105r–v) A fragment of the <Lexicon Hermanni>. Edited in Hermann (1801, 319–52). No title. Entries: 32; 24; 29; 45; 42; 72; μειδιᾶν γέλωτος μὲν αὐστηρότερον, σκυθρωπίας δὲ φαιδρότερον (= schol. Hom. Il. 7.212b [bT]); παρὰ μὲν τοῖς παλαιοῖς ὁ παράσιτος εὔφημον ὄνομα, παρὰ δὲ τοῖς νεωτέροις παράσιτος καὶ κόλαξ ταὐτόν; 9 (shorter). Then other entries no edited or interpolated: ἀφιερῶσαι κοινόν, καθιερῶσαι Ἀττικόν (cf. Phryn. Ecl. 163Phryn. Ecl. 163); λόγιος παρὰ μὲν τοῖς παλαιοῖς. ὁ τὰ ἐν ἑκάστῳ ἔθνει ἐπιχώρια ἐξηγούμενος ἐμπείρως, παρὰ δὲ τοῖς νῦν ὁ δεινὸς εἰπεῖν; θυμέλη παρὰ μὲν τοῖς ἀρχαίοις ἡ θυσία, οἱ δὲ νῦν ἐπὶ τοῦ τόπου τοῦ ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ τιθέασιν, ἐφ’ οὗ αὐληταὶ καὶ κιθαρῳδοὶ ἀγωνίζονται (~ Phryn. Ecl. 135Phryn. Ecl. 135)· ὁ δὲ Ἁρποκρατίων οὕτω διαιρεῖ λογεῖον μὲν λέγων ἔνθα τραγῳδοὶ καὶ κωμῳδοὶ ἀγωνίζονται, ὀρχήστραν δὲ ἔνθα οἱ αὐληταὶ καὶ οἱ χοροί, θυμέλην δὲ κατὰ τοὺς ἀρχαίους [in marg. θυμέλην ἀπὸ τοῦ θύειν μῆλα, ὅθεν καὶ τὸν βωμὸν τοῦ Διονύσου θυμέλην ἔλεγον]; ἐπέστησεν ἀντὶ τοῦ ἠπόρησεν, καὶ ἐπιστάσεως ἄξιον (~ Phryn. Ecl. 245Phryn. Ecl. 245), τόδε ἤγουν ἀπορίας κατὰ τοὺς Στωικούς. At the bottom of f. 105r there are two more lexicographical notes, one on γλίσχρος and one on ψαφαρός. On this text in this witness, see Ucciardello (2018, 116–8).

(ff. 186v–205v) Harpocratio, Lexicon. Title: Ἁρποκρατίων. Edited in Keaney (1991); manuscript N. The text, according to Keaney (1999, XIV) is an excerpted version.

(ff. 248v–249v) <Lesbonax, De figuris>. Edited in Blank (1988); this is manuscript D.

(ff. 298v–299v) Extract from [Herodianus], Philetaerus. No title. This extract has been recently edited and discussed in Ucciardello (2021).

This manuscript is a dense and rather chaotic miscellany consisting not only of erudite works, mainly grammatical and lexicographical, but also of poetic, philosophical and historical ones, as well as long collections of excerpts from various authors. There is no significant order in this volume, which can be considered a rough notebook that may have been used as an educational tool containing very rare and interesting texts in mid-14th-century Constantinople. To be fair, there is no certainty about the place where the manuscript was conceived, but it is rather safe to assume that Laurentianus plut. 91 sup. 10 (F)Laur. plut. 91 sup. 10 was kept in the empire’s capital in the 14th century (see the annotation on f. 128v). The same copyist of ff. 73r–149r in F also wrote ff. 130v, 133v–144r, 145v–151r l. 20 in D; besides, the texts of Moeris of D and F share several errors, alternative formulations or peculiarities (see Hansen 1998, 30–4). For these reasons, it is possible to assume that D and F belong to the same cultural milieu. According to Bandini (2022, 87), D may be linked to the Chora MonasteryChora Monastery (Constantinople) in Constantinople, mainly because of its material, which can be traced back to Maximus PlanudesMaximus Planudes, Manuel MoschopulusManuel Moschopulus and Nicephorus GregorasNicephorus Gregoras. While the history of this manuscript in the 14th century is rather unclear, in the following century it was owned by Georgius HermonymusGeorgius Hermonymus (RGK I 61= II 80 = III 102, 1452–1508; on his life see Martinelli Tempesta 2020) and annotated by him (see Kalatzi 2009, 150–1). This manuscript may have been used as an antigraphon for several manuscripts: Vindobonensis phil. gr. 258Vindob. phil. gr. 258, Par. gr. 1103Par. gr. 1103, Vossianus gr. Q 61Voss. gr. Q 61, and Genavensis 41Genavensis 41 (see Kalatzi 2009, 178–9, 236–7, 317–9; 336–7).